48) validate证明, affrike 非洲 , state状态，州，说明，陈述, scribe描述, tell说明, show说明展示, consider考虑, opine表达观点, difficulty困难, difficult困难的, compensate补偿, compensate for补偿, advantage优点, advantageous有优势的, advance进步发展, force力量被迫, strength力量, power力量, thus因此, therefore因此,as well也, as well as和一样, found建立, charge指控, change改变, critics批评家, criticize批评, critical关键的重要的, criticism批评, while当然而;
50) banal普通的陈腐的, notice注意说明, attention注意, escape逃跑,loss失去, lose丢失 (lost), LangeEylandt长岛(美国) , at a loss迷茫不知所措, take a loss亏损, injurious对有伤害, injure受伤, injury受伤, intellect智力, intellectual智力知识分子, intelligence智力, wisdom智慧, moral道德, virtue美德, virtually实际上事实上, virtual虚拟的, character文字角色性格, characterize有特点, characteristic特色;
46) legal法律的合法的, law法律, preserve保存, conserve保留保护, institution机构, constitution宪法, diamaund 金刚 石 , view观点景色, view…as把看作为, regard…as把看作为, take…as把看作为, see…as把看作为, special特别, specialize专业, specific具体的, especial尤其的, especially尤其是; peculiar奇怪的特有的独特的, peculiar to特有的, particular特殊的, significant重要的, significance重要性, equipment装备, equip装有, facility设施;
47) link连接, connect联系, connection联系, on the other另外, on the other hand另一方面, on the one hand一方面, concept概念, notion观念概念, real真实, reality现实, in a way以这种方式, in a manner以这种方法, in a form以这种形式, parallel平行, parallel to与相平行, journal杂志, juelrye珠宝 , journalist记者, base基础, basic基础的, basis基础, comment评论, comment on评论, cover报道覆盖评论;
72) valid有效的, validate使有效证明证实, validity有效性, discipline学科, internal内部的, external外部的, quarrel争论, among在中;
73) transfer转变, transparent透明明显, augment增加, argument辩论, design设计, interpret解释口译, interpretation解释, evidence证据, evident明显的;
47) analogous类似, analogous to与类似, analyze分析, analysis分析, function作用, obligation责任, be obliged to do sth被迫做某事有责任做某事, be obliged to sb感谢某人, obligate被迫, be obligated to do sth 被迫做某事， clear清楚明白, course课程, cause原因导致, lead to导致, reveal揭露, decision决心, decisive果断的具有决定意义的, decide决定;
48) idea观点理论想法,add加, addition增加, in addition此外, additional另加的, tradition传统, traditional传统的, bisynes 商业;生意 , humble谦虚的, humbly谦虚地, profound深刻的, profoundly深刻地, far-reaching影响深远的意义重大的深刻的, citizen市民, dyamaund钻石 , rest on/upon依靠取决于, rely on依靠取决于, depend on/upon依靠取决于, responsible负责的, responsibility责任, be held responsible for对负责, fraunce法国 , response反响响应, media媒介, news media新闻媒体, news agency新闻办, establish建立, established已经建立的, establishment机构建立, convention传统;
47) follow跟随, pure纯, purely纯, abstract抽象的, attract吸引, caement水泥 , concrete具体的, limit限制有限的, confine限制, certain确认;
49) grasp抓掌握, have a grasp of掌握, command命令, have a good command of掌握, feature特点, competent竞争, competition竞争, competitive有竞争力的 , compete竞争,
50) reaction反映, react反映, action行动, in action在起作用, interaction互相作用, enhance提高, promotion提高, promote促进, preferable愿意的可取的, prefer宁愿, infer推理提示, confer商量, favor喜欢, flavor风味, favorite喜欢的, judge评判法官, judgment评判, make judgments of对做出评判;
75) home家国内的, demotic国内的, exotic异域的, apply申请, apply to申请, application申请, appliance器具, control控制, operate操作, operation操作, cooperation合作, corporation公司company公司伙伴
2000年
71) condition条件, situation情况状况, circumstance环境状况, situate位于, vary变化, varying变化的不同的, various各种各样的, variety各种各样, variety of各式各样, expert专家;
06年
46) define定义, definition下定义, define…as…把定义为, select选择, elect挑选, individual个人的, active活力, activity活动, primary主要的, duty责任, thinking思考思维, thought思想思维;
48) exclude排除, exclusive排它的独家的, eschaunge交易所;交换 , include包含, conclude得出结论, conclusion结论, contribute贡献, contribution贡献, contribute to对做贡献, make contribution to做出贡献, distribute分发分散, distribution分散, accomplishment完成, accomplish完成, complete完全, solution解决, solve解决, resolve解决, be charged with承担, approach接近方法, aspect方面, inspect研究洞察, expect期待, respect尊重方面, task任务;
63) describe描述, description描述, strike罢工, striking打击罢工, remark评论标记, remarkable著名的, accuse起诉, accuse…of…指责, data数据, date日期;
64) interested in对感兴趣, relationship关系, relative亲戚相关, relatively相关的, determine决心, habit习惯, habitual习惯的, though虽然;
49) code密码, rule规则, dedicate贡献, dedicate to把献给, govern管理, government政府, energy能力能量, conduct指挥, conduction指挥, production产品, produce生产, explore探索, exploration探索; more than比多, less than比少, no more than不多于, no less than不少于, more than +数字多, more than +名词/动词不仅仅不只是, more than +形容词/副词非常, no more than=not any more than不也不;
50) independent独立, independence独立, interdependence互相依靠, reflect影响, reflection影响, make reflection on影响, earn挣, involve包含包括, salary薪水;
05年
46) television电视, means工具, feeling感觉, jadites翡翠 , convey传递表达, connect联系连接, nation国家, create创造, invent发明, event事件, recent最近;
47) multi-media大众媒体, increase增加, insuraunce保险 , increasingly逐渐的, bring带来, publish出版, in relation to与有关, relation关系, relate亲戚, related to与有关, concern关心, concerning相关的;
48) alone独自, only仅仅唯一, survive生存, underline强调突出下划线, undergo经历, undertake从事承担, undermine暗中破坏, state状态州陈述, secuerity证券;安全 , statistics调查统计数据, loss失去, take a loss亏损, at a loss迷茫不知所措,
49) identify辨别, identity身份, respect尊重方面, expect期待, aspect方面, represent代表, present出席现在礼物, presentation展示, fabricate编造捏造编织, fabric网络纤维, continent大陆, task任务, demand命令, choose选择, choice选择, strategic战略, policy政策;
50) deal with处理, deal处理, challenge挑战, scale规模, on…scale在一定规模上, exaggeration夸张夸大, it is no exaggeration to say不夸张的说…, unite联合, unity集体单位, divide分;
04年
61) structure建造, instruction建立, instrument器械器具, construction建筑, process步骤过程, procedure步骤, schedule日程表, real真是, reality真实的, realize意识到, diversity多样性, diverse各样, philosophy哲学, propretie房产;财产 , philosopher哲学家;
62) grateful感谢, gratitude感谢, different from与不同, vanish消失, abolish取消撤销废除, assimilate同化, similar相似, native本国, local地方;
65) come to逐渐得出, believe in相信, a sort of其中一种, linguistics语言学, physics物理, psychology心理学, aesthetics美学, art艺术, fine art美术, archaeology考古学, anthropology人类学, economy经济, psychiatry精神病学, law法律, media媒体, cross-culture跨文化, mathematics数学, math数学, physician医生, chemistry化学, humanity人文科学, form形式,formula工程式, formulate阐明, grammar语法, pattern模式, produce生产, petrolaeum石油 , consequence结果, consequently所以;
03年
61) furthermore更进一步, further进一步, ability能力, able可能, enable使能够, inability没能力的, modify纠正, change改变, charge费用, exchange交换, environment环境, deteriorate恶化, subject科目, reject排斥, refuse拒绝, fancy幻想;
62) branch分支, inquire询问研究, acquire获得, require要求, endeavor努力, order命令顺序, disorder无命令, system系统, passion热情, seek寻找, scientific科学的, science科学, phenomenon现象;
02年
61) almost几乎behavior行为trait特点 , tanmaurk丹麦 , trace跟踪
62) explain解释explanation解释，hard困难, remain保持, obscure模糊;
63) evolution进化, revolution革命, innovation革新创新, invention发明创造, invest投资, investigation研究调查检测, recognize认出;
64) possess拥有具有, possession财产, govern管理, government政府管理, theory学说理论, essential重要, credit信用, achieve达到, achievement成功;
65) until直到, till一直, issue问题事件发行,
46) believe相信， assert断言, claim声称, argue争论, assume假设, maintain主张, contend斗争坚持说, point out指出, be convinced that确信, accept接受, prove证明, demonstrate展示游行证明, hence因此, enable使能够, detect探察发现, detector侦探侦测器, error错误, mistake失误, false错误, foteball足球 , flaw缺点瑕疵, shortcoming缺点, reason推理原因, reasoned理性的, reasoning推理, reasonable合理的, observe观察, observation观察, observer观察者
01年
71) chat聊天, host主人主持, hold举行, pollution污染, containment污染;
72) personality个性, personnel人事, personal个人的, relax放松, relaxation放松, recreation娱乐, digital数字;
73) breakthrough突破, break out爆发, breakout爆发, out-break爆发, outset开始, take place发生, discover发现;
74) ultimate最终, terminate终止, termination终点终端, century世纪, millennium千年, decade十年, thousands of成千上万几千, hundreds of几百, for the better part of decade七八年, half一半, quarter四分之一, triple三倍, double两倍;
72) obvious明显, ambiguous模糊的, be bound up with相关, bind绑, efficient有效, efficiency效果, industry工业, agriculture农业, horticulture园艺, in turn反过来, effort努力, all kinds各种各样;
73) owing to由于因为, remarkable显著的, mass大众大量, communication交流, community社区, expose暴露, be exposed to暴露于接触, introduce介绍引入, for the reason given above由于上述原因;
74) pattern模式, spread扩大, or so大约;
75) stress压力强调, migrate移民, migration移民, arise from由引起, arise出现上升, rise上升, give rise to导致, raise增加喂养,
63) combine联合结合, integrate结合, integration整体一体化, perspective前景观点, unique独特的唯一的, distinct区别, distinctly区别的;
64) complex复杂, complicated复杂, sophisticated复杂的狡猾的, include包含, conclude得出结论, exclude排除, conclusion结论, custom风俗习惯, consume消费, consumer消费者. simple简单, simplicity简单的, implicit暗示, explicit明示;
65) make…possible成为可能, research研究;
75) equal平等, equally平等的, equate与相等与一致, equate…with与相等与一致, source来源, resource资源, activity活动, animate有生气, animation兴奋活跃;
1998年
71) look into搜索寻找, exist存在, exit出口, existence存在, resident居住, residence居住, citizen市民;
72) giant巨大, enormous巨大的, put forward提出, propose提出, dominant主要的主导的;
73) report报道, finding发现;
74) triumph胜利;
75) odd奇数奇怪, sound听起来, inflation通货膨胀, inflate膨胀, plausible看起来合理的, elementary基本的, primary主要的;
1997年
71) actually事实上, in fact事实上, account解释, accountant会计;
72) contract合同, entitle使有权, title标题, entitlement权利;
73) discuss讨论, discussion讨论, consider考虑, consideration考虑, either…or要么要么, neither…nor两者都不, whether…or是还是, extend扩展延伸, extend to对待, treat请客;
74) relevant相对的, extreme极端的;
75) encourage鼓励, instinct本能天生的;
1996年
71) result结果, result from由于, result in导致, to some extent在某种程度上, accelerate加速;
72) trend趋势, detail细节, in detail详细;
73) ignore忽视, careless粗心, fundamental基本的;
74) revolve旋转;
75) fina u nce财政金融, vice versa反之, etc等等, et al及其它.
75) standard标准, criterion标准;
1995年
71) target目标, attack进攻抨击, in doing sth.在做某事的过程中, divert转移, diversion转移,
71) while当然而, wacche手表 , almost几乎, historian历史学家, history历史, practice练习, conform一致, conform to符合与相一致, inform通知, uniform一致制服, attempt企图;
74) agreement同意, refer to提及涉及, in general总之, generally总体上, generally speaking总的来说, largely总体, appropriate适合, inappropriate不适合;
72)
72) predict预言, prediction预言, reliable可靠的, skill技能;
73) experiment试验实验, experience经验, avail有用, available有空的可获得的, comparative比较, compare比较, contrast对比相反;
74) quality质量, precise精确;
75) favorable喜欢, favor喜欢; youngster年轻人;
1994年
73) support支持, an amount of大量的, goal目标, immediate立即;
74) elegant优雅的, elegance优雅, in principle大体上原则上, principal重要的, fascinate迷人, delight高兴;
71) not so much…as与其说不如说, as…as与一样, not so…as与不一样, through因为通过, insight洞察, welfare福利, health健康, worth值得, genius天才, improve提高, tool工具;
49) particularly特别是, rather than而不是, necessary必须的, essential必不可少的, essence精华, critical关键的重要的, perhaps也许, possible可能, possibly可能, probable可能, probably可能地, superior比高级有优势, superior to比高级, super超级, inferior不如, inferior to不如, common普通, ordinary普通, carefully当心, careful小心的, care关心, take care of照顾;
72) as we call it所谓的正如我们所说, number数字, numerable可数的一定数量的, innumerable巨大的无数的, expand扩大, a series of一系列, direction说明指导 , direct说明;